Data engineering is to identify, investigate, and analyze the underlying principles in the design and effective use of information systems.

• Databases and the World Wide Web,
• Management of semi-structured data, metadata and XML,
• Heterogeneous, distributed, parallel and mobile databases,
• Data warehousing and OLAP (online analytical processing),
• Data, text and web mining,
• Optimization of query processing and database architectures,
• Indexing, access methods and data structures,
• Temporal, spatial, scientific, statistical, biological databases, and
• Security and integrity control.

Data mining is the process of extracting and discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems.

Classification, Clustering, Dependency analysis, Descriptive function, Mining of frequent patterns, Optimization, Prediction and estimation, Probabilistic modelling, and Search.