Integration (or build, or continuous Integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD)):
As noted above, in this workflow the new code is integrated into the existing code base, then tested and packaged into an executable for deployment.
Deployment (usually called continuous deployment):
Here the runtime build output (from integration) is deployed to a runtime environment - usually a development environment where runtime tests are executed for quality, compliance and security. If errors or defects are found, developers have a chance to intercept and remediate any problems before any end users see them.
Operations:
If getting features delivered to a production environment is characterized as “Day 1,” then once features are running in production “Day 2” operations occur. Monitoring feature performance, behavior, and availability ensures that the features are able to provide value add to end users.
Learning (sometimes called continuous feedback):
This is the gathering of feedback from end users and customers on features, functionality, performance and business value to take back to planning for enhancements and features the next release.