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Java Development Kit (JDK)
The JDK is a software development environment used for developing Java applications and applets. It includes the JRE, an interpreter/loader ( java), a compiler (javac), an archiver (jar), a documentation generator (javadoc) and other tools needed in Java development.
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Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
The JRE is part of the JDK, a set of programming tools for developing Java applications. It provides the minimum requirements for executing a Java application; it consists of the JVM, core classes, and supporting files.
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
The JVM is an abstract computing machine that enables a computer to run a Java program. There are three notions of the JVM: specification, implementation, and instance. The specification is a document that formally describes what is required of a JVM implementation. Having a single specification ensures all implementations are interoperable.